Cf.a variant root nuɣnuɣ- 'gorge, canal de la gorge; cet endroit du cou du chameau qui remue lorsque le chameau rumine; collier du coq, plumes du cou chez le coq' [ibid. 1303]
мехри:nǝʔīt 'udder' [JM 278].
Cf. suff. anǝʕyɛ́t-s 'her udder' [ibid.]
джиббали:naʕét 'udder' [JJ 179]
сокотри:nǝ́ʕǝh do. [JJ 179].
Leslau quotes níʔiḥ 'pis' [LS 254], where -ḥ must reflect -ʕ devoiced in Auslaut
NOTES:*nVʕay-(t-) is likely an underlying form in MSA, and *nayaʕ-, in ARM.
Note a meaning shift in ARB; -u- is difficult to explain from the proto-form.
сокотри:ṭáfaḥ 'bord (du pied, de la main)' [SSL LS 1477].
Cf. the authors' comment: "selon un de nos informateurs ṭ. désigne un "bord" en général" [ibid.]; in [LS 207] ṭófḥoh is rendered as 'côté' (with a reference to ARB ḌOFAR ṭofḥ 'der Rücken, die stumpfe Seite der einseitigen Schwertklinge' [Rhodokanakis 36]). Note QALAN-V ṭā́faɣ di-ŝāf (di-hēd) 'dessus du pied (de la main)' [SSL 4 92] where -ɣ in ṭā́faɣ is hard to explain. Cf. also ṭayif 'stretch (hand)'
NOTES:Rather scarcely attested; diverse meaning shifts.
The connection with a widespread verbal root *ṭpḥ 'to spread' (cf., for instance, [KB 378]) is not quite clear; it is evident, however, that the assumption of a denominative verb in this case is no less tenable than that of a deverbal noun.
There is AKK ṭappu 'sole of the foot' quoted without reference in [KB 378] (not in [AHw]), most probably based on [Holma 138].
Note a derived verb to be recognized as common SEM, in ARM: JUD ṭpḥ (paʕ) 'to slap, strike with the hand; to clap hands' [Ja 546], [Sok 229], SYR ṭǝpaḥ 'pugnis cecidit; complosit (manus)' [Brock 285] and ETH: GEZ ṭafḥa 'to clap the hands' [LGz 588], (?) AMH ṭäffa 'to slap, give a slap' [K 2192] (the latter may alternatively go back to *ṣpʕ, cf. TGR ṣäfʕa 'to slap in the face' [LH 650]). Cf. also JIB ṭéfaḥ 'to scoop a little water' [JJ 274], with a presumed meaning shift 'palm of hand' > 'to scoop by hand'. Cf. another meaning shift in ARB ṭāfiḥ- 'trop grand pour tenir dans la main' (e.g. rukbatun ṭāfiḥatun 'genou dont la rotule est tellement grande que la main ne peut pas l'embrasser') [BK 2 88].
One wonders whether MSA: MHR ṭáfḥ 'mountain side' [JM 407], JIB ṭafḥ 'steep mountain side' [JJ 275] may be a semantic development from 'palm, sole'
арабский:fāʔil- 'muscle qui pert de la hanche et descend dans l'intérieur du fémur jusqu'au tibia'; fāʔilat- 'partie intérieur du morceau de chair qui entoure l'os de la queue et descend jusqu'au fémur' BK 2 655
сирийский арамейский:gǝlaʕtā 'praeputium' [Brock 119] (the other meaning is, strangely enough, 'os palmulae')
арабский:ǯ̌lʕ 'oter, enlever le prépuce (dans la circoncision)' [BK 1 316]
мехри:gǝlōt 'clitoris' [JM 118]
джиббали:giẑʕɔ́t 'clitoris' [JJ 75]
сокотри:note ʕELHA gilɛ̄́ʕmɔti, gilɛ̄́mɔti 'amygdales; ganglions' [SSL 4 88] (according to [LS 110], gelʕémoh 'grain'); if related, the meaning shift must be very exotic
NOTES:As a noun with anatomic connotations reliably attested in ARM and MSA only; note a derived verb in ARB.
Cf. ETH EAST: SEL gole, GUR: MSQ GOG gʷäle 'young man who is not circumcised' [LGur 271]; according to Leslau, from OROMO gole.
Note SOQ ʕELHA gilɛ̄́ʕmɔti, gilɛ̄́mɔti 'amygdales; ganglions' [SSL 4 88] (according to [LS 110], gelʕémoh 'grain'); related with a very specific meaning shift?
Possibly derived from SEM *glʕ 'to uncover' (in HBR PB, ARB, TGR, etc., cf. [LGz 189]) implying that what later acquired the meaning 'prepuce' or related meanings in SYR and ARB, and 'clitoris' in MSA (note that clitoral circumcision is a well-attested practice in MSA speaking areas) originally meant 'the member subject to uncovering (=circumcision)'.
арабский:ǧanǧan-, ǧanǧan-(at-), ǧinǧin- 'os de la poitrine, sternum, bréchet' [BK 1 337] (redupl.)
тигре:gǝnne 'breast-piece, shoulder piece (meat of the especially good pieces)' [LH 587].
Also 'piece of fat meat between the forelegs of the cow (much liked); breast-callus of the camel' [ibid. 588]
амхарский:gʷänn 'flank, side (of the body from armpit to hip)' [K 2001].
According to Leslau, the same as gʷädǝn do. [LGur 267]
гафат:gʷanä 'côte, vertèbre' [LGaf 203]
восточноэфиопские:SEL gon 'side of body, place, side' [LGur 280]
гураге:GOG SOD gʷän 'side of body, place, side' [LGur 280].
Leslau seems to suggest the origin of this GUR and AMH roots from gʷädin 'rib' [ibid. 264] with assimilation of d to n, which looks unlikely, especially in view of the comparative data
NOTES:Cf. ETH EAST: SEL wägän 'side, direction' (also 'tribe, clan') [LGur 1 1025], WOL wägän 'side' [ibid. 1229], GUR: MUH wägän 'side' [ibid. I 946], SOD wägän 'side, direction' (also 'relatives') [ibid. 1111]; metathetically related to the present root or to *gu/in-, *ʔ/wVgVn- 'cheek-bone', No. ). Leslau unites all these (and GOG wägän 'tribe, clan' [ibid. 610]) under one heading 'side, direction, tribe, clan, relatives' [LGur 647]; the shift of meaning implied remains to be explained
арабский:kāhil- 'garrot (chez les animaux), la partie le plus élevée du dos et qui touche au cou; la partie du dos entres les homoplates (chez l'homme)' BK 2 939
арабский:ʔlk 1 ('ronger son frein, le mors (se dit du cheval)' BK 1 47); ʕlk 1 ('manger, mâcher et retourner un morceau dans sa bouche; faire claquer les dents'), ʔal-ʕalikāt- 2 ('dents molaires' ibid. 2 348)
MEANING:small penis; clitoris; female genital organ
современные арамейские:Tur. ḳūṭo 'vulva (von frauen)' (Ritter 404), N.-Syr. ḳūṭā 'the womb' (M 272; according to Maclean, a loanword from Kurdish ḳūz)
арабский:ḳanṭ- 'verge chez un petit garc̣on' [BK 2 822]
современные арабские языки:DAT_ ḳanṭār 'clitoris' [GD 2533]
тиграй (тигринья):ḳǝnṭ 'vulva; lower or back part' (LH 252)
восточноэфиопские:SEL WOL ḳǝnṭǝr 'clitoris, female genital organ' [LGur 490]
гураге:CHA EZ̆A ENN GYE MUH MSQ ḳǝnṭǝr do. [ibid.].
Leslau also quotes similar CUSH forms [ibid.]
сокотри:ḳánṭhir 'vulve' [SSL LS 1463] (after the unpublished notes by T.M.Jonstone); otherwise ḳánther [LS 379], [SSL LS 1463] (-h- points to a long vowel in the proto-form)
NOTES:Vocalism not quite reliable. Attested only in the S. SEM area; a possibility of an areal term, not of a common SEM origin, is not to be excluded.
